Opened database successfully add two inverted commas for every one Comprehensive Medical Encyclopedia | Education for Healthcare Professionals

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TORCH infections

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Obstetrics Gynaecology

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Urology

Version Jan 2023

Toxoplasmosis	a protozoan (Toxoplasma gondii) can be acquired from eating undercooked meat. Fetal toxoplasma infection can be treated with spiramycin and other drugs if the mother decides against termination. Microcephaly, Hydrocephalus, Chorioretinitis, Convulsions, Mental retardation
Rubella	Rubella infection in the FIRST trimester is particularly worrying and can result in Congenital heart disease - PDA and VSD most commonly, Cataracts, Microcephaly, Hepatosplenomegaly, Myocarditis, Interstitial pneumonia, Bone lesions, Rubella later in 3rd trimester is relatively harmless
CMV disease	There is no real treatment for CMV disease. Severe CMV (a herpesvirus) infection causes - I remember the CMV C's - Microcephaly, Chorioretinitis, Intracranial Calcification, CNS involvement - learning difficulties etc. Others - haemolytic anaemia, hepatitis
Herpes	HSV infection during pregnancy may cause abortion, prematurity or congenital herpes. Risk of transmission higher if infection caught latein pregnancy. With active genital infection, Caesarean preferred. Acyclovir may be given in the last 4 weeks of pregnancy to reduce the risk of genital infection. Disseminated HSV can cause devastating neurological damage to the neonate
HIV	HIV transmission to the fetus most commonly occurs in the perinatal period and the risks include Vaginal delivery, Preterm delivery, Skin trauma to the fetus, Maternal bleeding, Risks of transmission to the neonate reduced by Caesarean section, Treatment with zidovudine

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