Makindo Medical Notes.com |
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Causative Agent | Associated Cancers | Prevention |
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Human Papillomavirus (HPV) |
- Cervical Cancer
- Oropharyngeal Cancer - Anal Cancer - Penile and Vulvar Cancer |
- HPV vaccination
- Regular cervical screening (Pap smear) - Safe sexual practices |
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) | - Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Liver Cancer) |
- HBV vaccination
- Safe injection practices - Screening and treatment of chronic HBV infection |
Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) | - Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Liver Cancer) |
- Screening and treatment of chronic HCV infection
- Safe injection practices - Avoiding blood transfusions from unscreened donors |
Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) |
- Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
- Burkitt Lymphoma - Hodgkin Lymphoma |
- No specific vaccine
- Early detection and management of associated conditions |
Helicobacter pylori |
- Gastric Cancer
- MALT Lymphoma (Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma) |
- Eradication of H. pylori with antibiotics
- Regular monitoring in high-risk populations |
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) |
- Kaposi Sarcoma
- Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma - Cervical Cancer |
- Antiretroviral therapy (ART)
- Safe sexual practices - Regular cancer screenings for HIV-positive individuals |
Human T-cell Leukaemia Virus-1 (HTLV-1) | - Adult T-cell Leukaemia/Lymphoma (ATLL) |
- Screening blood donors
- Safe sexual practices - Avoiding breastfeeding by infected mothers |
Schistosoma haematobium | - Bladder Cancer |
- Control of schistosomiasis with antiparasitic treatment
- Avoiding contact with contaminated water |