| Arthritis & Uveitis |
|---|
| Sarcoid
|
| Stills
|
| IBD
|
| RhA
|
| Ank spond
|
| Vasculitides
|
| DIPLOPIA |
|---|
| Cover abnormal eye = lose outer image
|
| Max separation = direction of action of paralysed muscle
|
| ACUTE IRITIS |
|---|
| Wounds
|
| Corneal ulcers
|
| TB
|
| Syphilis
|
| Brucellosis
|
| Gonorrhoea
|
| Toxoplasmosis
|
| Sarcoid
|
| Ank. Spond.
|
| May = glaucoma/cataract
|
| Mx steroid drops, Atropine + eye pad
|
| Diabetic Retinopathy |
|---|
| Background microaneurysms, dot/blot haemorrhage, hard exudates
|
| Pre-proliferative & cotton-wool spots
|
| Proliferative & new vessels
|
| Cataracts |
|---|
| Steroids
|
| Chlorpromazine
|
| Chloroquine
|
| Vitamin D
|
| Gold
|
| Amiodarone
|
| Busulphan
|
| Retinopathy |
|---|
| Quinine
|
| Vincistine
|
| Ethambutol
|
| Phenothiazines
|
| BRANCH RETINAL VEIN OBSTRUCTION (BRVO) |
|---|
| HTN
|
| DM
|
| Hyperviscosity
|
| Beckets
|
| Sarcoid
|
| Thrombophilia
(occluded artery = pale disc usually due to emboli)
|
| ACUTE PAINFUL OPHTHALMOPLEGIA |
|---|
| Orbital fissure synd (3, 4, 6, V1)
|
| Orbital apex synd (3, 4, 6, V1 and opthalmic vein and optic nerve and optic artery)
|
| Orbital cellulitis
|
| CHRONIC PAINFUL OPHTHALMOPLEGIA |
|---|
| Granulomatous dis
|
| ICA aneurysm
|
| Ophthalmic migraine
|
| DRY Eyes |
|---|
| Sjogrens
|
| Sclerodema
|
| SLE
|
| Sarcoid
|
| MCTD
|
| Anticholinergics
|
| Rubeosis Iridis |
|---|
| SC
|
| DM
|
| CRVO
|
| Pterygium |
|---|
| Increased in elderly
|
| Tropics (due to UV light)
|
| Red Eye |
|---|
| Conjunctivitis |
| injection from limbus
|
| Episcleritis |
| inflamed red sclera
|
| Scleritis |
| as above, but sore (RhA, IBD, Ank spond, Vasulitides, HSV, gout)
|
| Uveitis/iritis |
| sore; hypopyon
|
| Glaucoma
|
| Toxic Shock Syndrome/gram Neg sepsis |
|---|
| Subconjunctival haemorrhage
|
| Rash
|
| Corneal oedema
|
| Afro-Caribbean |
|---|
| Sarcoid
|
| SLE
|
| SC
|
| HIV |
|---|
| CMV retinits
|
| Choridal TB
|
| Candida end ophthalmitis (vitreous tumour)
|
| Retinitis Pigmentosa |
|---|
| FRAT
|
| Abelalipoproteinaemia
|
| Refsum
|
| Kearns-Sayers
|
| Usher's
|
| Alport's
|
| Lawrence-Moon-Biedel
|
| Familial
|
| Choroidoretinitis (scars) |
|---|
| CMV
|
| Brucella
|
| Toxocara
|
| Sarcoid
|
| Toxoplasma
|
| Cherry Red Spot |
|---|
| Tay Sachs
|
| Neiman-Pick
|
| Sialaditosis
|
| Herpes Simplex |
|---|
| Primary infection usually self-limiting (periocular vesicles)
|
| Recurrence = keratitis
|
| Geographic, dendritic ulcers
|
| Roth Spots |
|---|
| SBE
|
| SLE
|
| Severe anaemia
|
| Vasculitides
|
| Leukaemia
|
| DM |
|---|
| Cataract
|
| Ptrygium
|
| Rubeosis iridis
|
| ANGIOD STREAKS |
|---|
| Pseudoxanthoma elastium
|
| Ehlers-Danlos
|
| High phos
|
| Pagets
|
| Sickle cell
|
| Miscellaneous |
|---|
| CYTOID bodies = Retinal infarcts in SLE
|
| Retro-orbital pain seen in HIV sercoconversion
|
| 12 + 6 o'clock = corneal arcus
|
| 3 + 9 o'clock = high calcium
|
| Haemorrhage 2 fluid level |
| subhyaloid = (SAH)
|
| Pinguecula (perilimbal raised lesions) = usu normal unless Gaucher's (young Jewish with splenomeg)
|
| Leucocoryia + convergent squint = retinoblastoma (assoc ? Wilm's)
|
| Retro-orbital pain seen in HIV sercoconversion
|
| CMV retinitis = IV Gancyclovir (? withhold HAART till remission)
|
| Toxoplasma retinitis = Pyrimethamine + sulfadiazine
|
| Toxocara canis: Macular lesion well demarcated
|
| 3 causes blind both eyes over few days: Methanol tox, Lebers, Psychological
|
| Oculocutaneous Albinism = Pale retina; pendular nystagmus
|