Makindo Medical Notes.com |
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Abdominal pain and AKI |
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PAN |
SLE |
Microscopic polyarteritis |
Wegener's |
HSP |
Cryoglobulins |
TTP, HUS |
AAA |
DM |
APCKD |
Methanol |
Ethylene glycol |
Aspirin |
Hypercalcaemia |
Peritonitis |
Abdominal pain and Neuropathy |
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AIP |
Lead poisoning |
Arsenic poisoning |
GB |
PAN |
DKA |
Intra abdominal malig |
Sarcoid |
Alcohol abuse |
Vasculidites eg PAN |
Gold |
Botulism |
Internal malign & paraneoplastic |
COELIAC ASSOC WITH |
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T1DM |
IgA def |
IBD |
Fibrosing alveolitis |
PBC |
DH |
Thyroid disease |
Infertility |
Pleural thickening |
Thoracic cage deficiency |
Neuromuscular resp muscle disease |
LEAD POISONING vs ACUTE INTERMITTENT PORPHYRIA | |
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Lead | |
Persisting Sx | |
Anaemia common | |
Basophilic stippling | |
Raised ALA | |
Raised coproporphyrin | |
AIP | |
Episodic | |
Anaemia rare | |
No basophilic stipple | |
Raised ALA | |
Low or N coproporphyrin |
RAISED INFLAMMATORY MARKERS & RIF MASS |
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Crohn's |
TB need tissue dx to differentiate |
SB lymphoma |
Yesinia |
Actinomycosis |
POST-GASTRECTOMY |
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Dumping |
Diarrhoea |
Wt loss |
Biliary reflux |
Anaemia (iron + B12) |
Osteomalacia |
Blind loop syndrome |
Malignancy |
MULTIPLE BOWEL NODULES |
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Eosinophilia |
Lymphoma |
Lymphangiectasia |
Metastasis (melanoma) |
Mastocytosis |
Polyposis |
Peutz-jeghers (hamartomas) |
Typhoid |
Waldenstroms |
Whipples |
Yersinia |
RETROPERITONEAL FIBROSIS |
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Methysergide, methyldopa |
?-blockers (no longer used) |
Bromocriptine |
Tumours (e.g Ca rectum/ovary) |
Aortic aneurysm |
Lymphoma |
Idiopathic |
Mx Stent ureters |
Sub-Total Villous Atrophy |
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Coeliac |
Giardia |
Lymphoma |
Whipples |
Hypogammaglobulinaemia |
Lactose intolerance |
Infective enteritis in kids |
'Medical' Abdo pain |
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DKA |
Lead poisoning |
AIP |
HZV |
Diptheria |
Syphilis |
Pneumonia |
PE |
SC |
Mesenteric ischaemia |
FMF |
Hereditary angio-oedema |
PERNICIOUS ANAEMIA |
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Low Hb, high MCV |
Low WCC, low Plat |
Look for autoimmune clues e.g. thyroid, Addison's, MG, DM, etc |
Infective Diarrhoea |
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Non Bloody |
B cereus* |
S aureus* |
Viruses |
Protozoa (eg Giardia, cryptosporidium, microsporidosis) * preformed toxin |
Bloody |
Clostridia |
Campylobacter |
Salmonella |
Shigella |
Yersinia |
E-coli |
Vibrio |
Gardner's Synd (AD) |
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Premalignant colon polyps |
Benign bone exostoses |
Epidermal cysts |
Dermoid tumour |
Fibroma/neurofibromas |
Fundoscopy : black spots |
Congenital retinal pigment epithelium hypertrophy |
Onset ~ 20 years |
Coeliac - Non responders |
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Compliance |
Other dis (IBD, Giardia, bact overgrowth) |
Small bowel lymphoma |
Lactase def |
Uncorrected nutritional def |
Small bowel malabsorption synd |
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usually folate def seen first |
Massive Splenomegaly |
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CML |
Myeloprolif |
CLL |
Hairy cell leukaemia |
Gauchers |
Splenectomy |
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Iatrogenic (Rx = HA, ITP, trauma) |
UC |
Coeliac |
ET |
Tropical sprue
Complications |
Infection: capsulated bact (Pneumococcus, Haemophilus, Neisseria) |
Parasites: p falciparum, babesiosis, capnocytophagia |
Mx vaccine: Hib, Pneumococcus, Meningococcus, Prophylactic penicillin |
Air in bowel wall |
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Scleroderma |
Polymyositis |
Colitis |
Bowel infarction |
OGD |
COPD |
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis |
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Cholestatic jaundice |
Xanthelasma |
Skin pigmentation |
Clubbing |
HS megaly |
Osteoporosis & osteomalacia |
RTA, autoimmune |
High ALP/GGT |
Normal ALT |
Positive ANA M2 |
Ransom's Criteria: Acute Pancreatitis |
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At admission and 48 hrs |
>55 yrs |
WCC >15 |
Gluc >10 |
LDH >600 |
AST >60 |
Haematocrit drop > 10% |
Urea >16 |
PO₂ <8 |
Calcium <2 ) |
Abumin <32 |
BE >-4 |
Dyspepsia requiring OGD |
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Chronic GI blood loss |
Unintentional wt loss |
Dysphagia |
Persistent vomiting |
IDA |
Epigastric mass |
Suspicious Ba meal |
Low B12 & Normal folate |
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Malabsorption: terminal ileal disease (Crohn's, resection, TB) |
XS utilisation of B12 in gut itself |
bact overgrowth |
Structural abnormality of small bowel e.g. surgery, RXT, sclerosis, Crohn's, amyloid, diabetic auto-neuro |
Ix SB meal, then CO₂-breath test |
Steatorrhoea & post-prandial DYSPEPSIA |
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Mesenteric ischaemia |
Chronic pancreatitis |
Ca pancreas |
ZE syndrome |
Miscellaneous |
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Coeliac: low risk small bowel lymphoma (gluten free diet); increased risk small bowel carcinoma |
Coeliac = "Diarrhoea" + Hyposplenism on film = Target cells, HJ bodies, hypochromic |
Isolated Gastric varices = TIPPSS |
In coeliac: if low IgA, then Anti-Endomysial also likely NEG |
Chronic pancreatitis: ERCP or CT abdo |
Chylous ascites = lymphoma |
Low Hb and low calcium (in absence of CKD) suggest malabsorption |
Rheumatoid arthritis & liver disease = Methotrexate-induced cirrhosis |
Serum ascites-albumin gradient >1.1 = portal-HTN |
Watery diarrhoea & clubbing = small bowel lymphoma |
Barium in small bowel & colon |
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Fistula |
Surgery |
Prognosis in pancreatitis |
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ABG |
CT Abdo |
Dilated intrahepatic ducts with normal CBD |
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PSC |
Obstruction @ porta-hepatis |
Gray Turner's sign |
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Haemorrhagic pancreatitis |
AAA rupture |